Articles on software engineering, system design, and backend development.
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WebSockets enable real-time, full-duplex communication between a client and server over a single persistent TCP connection. Unlike HTTP, where the client initiates every request, WebSockets allow the server to push data to the client at any time — no polling required.
Concurrent programming refers to a paradigm where multiple tasks make progress independently, potentially interleaved in execution. This is not the same as parallel computing (tasks running at literally the same instant on multiple cores) — concurrency is about structure, not necessarily simultaneous physical execution.
In September 2024, OpenAI released o1 — a model designed not just to generate text but to reason through problems before answering. It represents a meaningful shift in how large language models handle difficult reasoning tasks, particularly in mathematics, coding, and science.